Question

TNT is manufactured by the reaction of toluene with nitric acid according to the following equation: C7H8 (l) + 3 HNO3 (aq) ---> C7H5(NO2)3 (s) + 3 H2O(l)

Calculate the mass of TNT expected from the reaction of 69.0 g of toluene

Answer 1

170. g C₇H₅(NO₂)₃

General Formulas and Concepts:

Chemistry - Stoichiometry

• Reading a Periodic Table
• Using Dimensional Analysis

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Define

RxN: C₇H₈ (l) + 3HNO₃ (aq) → C₇H₅(NO₂)₃ (s) + 3H₂O (l)

Given: 69.0 g C₇H₈ (Toluene)

Step 2: Identify Conversions

Molar Mass of C - 12.01 g/mol

Molar Mass of H - 1.01 g/mol

Molar Mass of N - 14.01 g/mol

Molar Mass of O - 16.00 g/mol

Molar Mass of C₇H₈ - 7(12.01) + 8(1.01) = 92.15 g/mol

Molar Mass of C₇H₅(NO₂)₃ - 7(12.01) + 5(1.01) + 3(14.01) + 6(16.00) = 227.15 g/mol

Step 3: Stoichiometry

`69.0 \ g \ C_7H_8((1 \ mol \ C_7H_8)/(92.15 \ g \ C_7H_8) )((1 \ mol \ C_7H_5(NO_2)_3)/(1 \ mol \ C_7H_8) )((227.15 \ g \ C_7H_5(NO_2)_3)/(1 \ mol \ C_7H_5(NO_2)_3) )` = 170.085 g C₇H₅(NO₂)₃

Step 4: Check

We are given 3 sig figs. Follow sig fig rules and round.

170.085 g C₇H₅(NO₂)₃ ≈ 170. g C₇H₅(NO₂)₃