Question

Read the passage from Animal Farm.

Sometimes the work was hard; the implements had been designed for human beings and not for animals, and it was a great drawback that no animal was able to use any tool that involved standing on his hind legs. But the pigs were so clever that they could think of a way round every difficulty. . . .

. . . They met with many difficulties—for instance, later in the year, when they harvested the corn, they had to tread it out in the ancient style and blow away the chaff with their breath, since the farm possessed no threshing machine.

What social commentary about communist Russia does Orwell make with this excerpt?

Russians faced many challenges and struggles working on collective farms.
Russians lacked the creative abilities to innovate solutions to problems.
Russians were able to predict and avoid potential struggles.
Russians lacked knowledge of basic modern agricultural practices.

Answer 1

Russians faced many challenges and struggles working on collective farms.

Step-by-step explanation:

The sentences above are from George Orwell's allegorical book "Animal Farm." The novella is a satire of the Soviet regime that arose following the Russian Revolution. The animals of Manor Land revolt against their human master and drive him off the farm. The most clever animals, the pigs, seize command of the situation, portraying the Soviet authorities, while the other animals, at first gladly, but eventually violently, obey the new commands, symbolizing the people. Orwell emphasizes the problems the animals have when farming in the passages. These problems pertain to the genuine hardships that Russians who worked on collective farms encountered. The Soviet leaders decided to seize rural estates from their owners and cultivate them collectively in order to produce and export grain. The goal was to raise funds through exports to invest in machinery and industrialization. Unfortunately, many property owners were opposed to such a program. When compelled to give up their holdings, they would destroy their equipment and slaughter their cattle. The absence of machinery, as well as horses and livestock, that resulted from such activities hampered farm labor tremendously.