Final answer:
Surfing is the water sport where a person stands on a board and rides a wave. It requires skill to balance and maneuver the board, using the energy of the waves to glide along the water's surface.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question "In which water sport does a person stand on a board and ride a wave?" is Surfing. Surfing is a water sport where the surfer stands on a board and rides the crest of a wave as it moves towards the shore. In the context of physics, when talking about the Physics of Surfing, surfers utilize the energy of the ocean waves to propel themselves across the water's surface. This is much more dynamic than standing on a board which would only bob up and down with the wave, as with the idealized transverse wave motion.
When Ben and his son, Julian, are mentioned as paddling out into the ocean on surfboards and riding the waves, this is a practical example of surfing. The waves in the ocean can change significantly in size, providing different experiences for surfers, with some areas even having waves that reach up to 50 feet high. Padlling, swimming, and diving are different watersports and do not involve standing on a board to ride the crest of a wave.