Final answer:
The author's pro claim for abolishing the Electoral College is that the popular vote should determine election outcomes. The legislative excerpt doesn't effectively support this claim as it doesn't relate directly to the Electoral College. The Electoral College protects smaller states' interests, which could be important for balanced representation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim made by the author under the heading "PRO: Let's Give All Voters an Equal Voice" as a pro for doing away with the Electoral College is that the popular vote should determine the winner in a presidential election, ensuring that all voters have an equal voice.
Regarding Part B, the excerpt from the article mentioning the Senate and the House of Representatives does not provide evidence that effectively supports the claim identified in Part A. This is because it describes the legislature alone and does not address the entirety of how the federal government is set up, which is necessary to establish a link with how the Electoral College affects the presidential election process.
The current Electoral College system protects the representative power of small states and less densely populated regions by assigning a minimum number of electors regardless of population. This could be regarded as important to preserve because without the Electoral College, these regions might be ignored by presidential candidates who would likely focus on more populous areas, potentially leading to a dominance of policy preferences by larger states at the expense of less populous ones.