A shadoof or shaduf[1] (from the Arabic word شادوف, šādūf) is an irrigation tool. It is highly efficient, and has been known since 3000 BCE.
Well pole (called a vinnkaev) in Tuhala, Estonia.
Shaduf in Kom Ombo, Egypt.
Spring crane (Krynychnyy zhuravel) in Baidivka, Ukraine.