The correct answer to this open question is the following.
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The causes of the Great Depression that started on October 29, 1929, were the following.
The first, and one of the most direct causes, was the United States stock market crash of October 1929, the uninsured bank deposits, the fact that many people were in debt after many unnecessary purchases on credit during the period called "the Roaring 1920s," and the importation legislation that imposed new tariffs to European products, trying to protect the American goods.
The Great Depression made millions of Americans to lose their jobs, hundreds of companies had to close, and banks went broke.
That is why, as soon as President Franklin D. Roosevelt became the President of the United States, he created a series of programs called the New Deal. These were economic programs and legislation aimed to help improve the economic situation of poor Americans that were suffering.