Answer:
Ptolemy
Step-by-step explanation:
Ptolemy is the earliest earliest astronomer and mathematician in the list who lived and worked in the second century AD. Nothing is known about his personal life but his scientific work is well known.
He made his observations using naked eyes. In his opinion, the Universe is ''a set of nested, transparent spheres, with Earth in the center.''(Khan Academy). His argument was that the Moon, Mercury, Venus, and the Sun were all revolving around around Earth.
Although Ptolemy made significant contributions in Astronomy but he was wrong in positing that the earth did not move at all. This is inconsistent with our present day knowledge about the celestial bodies. Also, his work missed out other planets that were yet to be discovered then such as Uranus, Neptune, Pluto etc.