Answer and Explanation:
a. South African law allows for collective action litigations, although there is no law regulating this procedure, which can lead to problems and complaints at judicial levels. These collective actions allow a lawsuit to be developed in parts with the participation of an individual representing a group to which the action involves.
B. Collective action was allowed in the case of Nkala because the process that involved it was established in a "bifurcated" manner, presenting the entire litigation process in stages. This was the most appropriate way to carry out this action.