Final answer:
Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to be named Poet Laureate of the U.S. in 1985, following the significant literary contributions of poets like Phillis Wheatley and during an era marked by the influence of Langston Hughes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first African American to be named Poet Laureate of the U.S. was Gwendolyn Brooks, who was appointed to the position in 1985. While Langston Hughes is perhaps the most famous African American poet and a leading figure during the Harlem Renaissance, the distinction of being the first African American Poet Laureate goes to Brooks. Her work was preceded by acclaimed poets such as Phillis Wheatley, the first African American woman to publish a book of poetry in 1773, and others like Charlotte Forten Grimké who significantly contributed to African American literature.
Hughes's life and work were significantly shaped by the experiences and struggles of African Americans, particularly those living in the North. His poetry reflects the challenges of racial prejudice and the rich cultural heritage of African Americans. Hughes's legacy also includes being a strong voice during the Harlem Renaissance, creating poetry that spoke to the diversity and resilience of African American life.