Question

In the context of the period 1450–1750, which of the following most likely explains why the Qing government employed the scholars shown in the image?

Answer 1

The Qing government employed scholars to maintain social stability and embrace Confucian principles in governing, which were critical for bureaucracy and reinforcing moral standards. The democratization of education through advanced printing technology enabled wider access to Confucian texts, necessary for passing the imperial examinations for government jobs.

Step-by-step explanation:

Why the Qing Government Employed Scholars

During the period 1450–1750, the Qing government likely employed scholars as part of maintaining and reinforcing social stability and Confucian values. The early Qing emperors, particularly Kangxi, restored the importance of Confucian scholar-officials after witnessing the downfalls of previous dynasties that were attributed to lax moral standards and financial mismanagement.

The Qing dynasty placed a great deal of emphasis on traditional Confucian values, which were seen as vital to the fabric of society. Scholars, who were rigorously trained and passed stringent examinations, were seen as qualified to lead because of their commitment to Confucian principles. They played a critical role in strengthening the bureaucracy by acting as civilian officials, or mandarins, rather than allowing hereditary nobles to dominate administrative roles.

This system aimed to promote a fair and efficient rule, as merit and knowledge of Confucian texts were essential for government jobs. Moreover, the advancement in printing technology during the Song dynasty had democratized access to Confucian texts, further enabling the preparation of a broader segment of male society for imperial examinations. The objective was to ensure economic prosperity, a high degree of social stability, and a bureaucracy capable of dealing with international trade and internal administration efficiently.

Answer 2

The Qing government hired scholars.

Step-by-step explanation:

Chinese Dynasties before the Qing Government had employed scholars to operate administration. The selection of scholars conducted through the civil service exam. Politicians and scholars selected in the Qing Government by the emperor. The purpose of electing scholars was to bring men with literary into the government to stand and address difficulties. Select officials were well trained, capable and helped unify Chinese culture.