Final answer:
The property of the golf ball that was different on the Moon compared to Earth was its weight due to the reduced gravitational pull on the Moon. Density, mass, and volume are intrinsic properties that remain constant regardless of location.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Apollo missions, an astronaut took a golf ball to the Moon and hit it with a golf club. The property of the golf ball that was different on the Moon compared to Earth was its weight. Weight is the force of gravity acting on an object, and since the Moon's gravitational pull is approximately one-sixth that of Earth's, the weight of the golf ball on the Moon would be significantly less than on Earth. Density, mass, and volume, on the other hand, are intrinsic properties that do not change with location. Density is the ratio of mass to volume, and both of these properties remain constant regardless of the object's location in space.
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and is not influenced by gravity. Also, the volume of an object, which is the amount of space it occupies, is not altered by gravity. Thus, the correct answer to the question is D.) weight.