Final answer:
Gravitational force between two 1 kg masses is 6.674e-11 N and electrostatic force between two 1 C charges at 1 m apart is 8.988e9 N. The electrostatic force is vastly stronger than the gravitational force.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparing Gravitational and Electrostatic Forces
To compare gravitational and electrostatic forces between two objects with a mass of 1 kg each, a charge of 1 C each, and separated by a distance of 1 m, we can use Newton's law of universal gravitation and Coulomb's law.
Gravitational Force
The gravitational force (F_grav) can be calculated using the formula:
F_grav = G * (m1 * m2) / r²
where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between the centers of the two masses. For two 1 kg masses 1 meter apart, the gravitational force would be:
F_grav = (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·(m/kg)²) * (1 kg * 1 kg) / (1 m)² = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N.
Electrostatic Force
The electrostatic force (F_electro) can be calculated using Coulomb's law:
F_electro = k * (q1 * q2) / r²
where k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges of the objects, and r is the distance between the charges. For two charges of 1 C each at a distance of 1 m, the electrostatic force would be:
F_electro = (8.988 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²) * (1 C * 1 C) / (1 m)² = 8.988 × 10⁹ N.
Comparing the two, it is clear that for objects with both mass and charge, the electrostatic force is significantly stronger than the gravitational force as the electrostatic force between these two 1 C charges is on the order of 10²⁰times greater than their gravitational attraction.