Answer: C. Chemical reaction absorb or release thermal (and sometimes other) energy
Step-by-step explanation:
Chemical reactions can result in products with more or less chemical energy than the precursors. When products have less chemical energy, the excess is converted to heat (exothermic reaction)
When the products have more chemical energy, heat must be added to make up the difference (Endothermic reaction)
Fireworks are examples of exothermic reactions where the excess is released as thermal, mechanical, and radiant energy. A lit match releases thermal and radiant energy.
Respiration is also an exothermic reaction
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis, an endothermic process. The overall photosynthetic reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy —> 6C6H12O6 + 6O2
In this case radiant energy drives the reaction.
The reaction 2H2O —> 2H2 + O2 is an endothermic reaction driven by electrical energy.
Many reactions are reversible and if one is endothermic, the reverse is exothermic e.g. 2H2 + O2 —> 2H2O +energy is the reverse of electrolysis of water, or respiration vs photosynthesis.