Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
By the early 1700s, the Virginia Assembly had passed a set of Black Codes, or slave laws, which institutionalized life-long slavery and stipulated that offspring of a female inherited their enslaved status from their mother.
Africans who arrived as slaves had already suffered many terrible months before reaching Virginia. Most lived in tribal villages in western Africa before they were captured in wars or kidnapped by other Africans who traded slaves. The captives were tied together in long human chains called coffles and forced to walk many miles to a trading fort on the sea coast. They were then sold to white slave merchants who packed them into large slave ships that carried them across the ocean to America. The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean was called the middle passage and was one of the most frightening experiences that many enslaved people ever endured.