Answer:
The unsuccessful August 1991 coup against Gorbachev sealed the fate of the Soviet Union. Planned by hard-line Communists, the coup diminished Gorbachev's power and propelled Yeltsin and the democratic forces to the forefront of Soviet and Russian politics.
Gorbachev's reforms led to the breakup of the Soviet Union because they brought economic turmoil.
The dissolution of the Soviet Union (1988–1991) was the process of internal disintegration within the Soviet Union (USSR) which resulted in the end of its existence as a sovereign state.
Long Term Causes. •Low output of crops and consumer goods. •Cold War led to high military spending. •Ethnic and Nationalist movements. ... Immediate Causes. •War with Afghanistan. •Food and fuel shortages. ... Effects. •Soviet Union breaks up into 15 republics. •Russian republic approves of a new constitution.
During 1989 and 1990, the Berlin Wall came down, borders opened, and free elections ousted Communist regimes everywhere in eastern Europe. In late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics. With stunning speed, the Iron Curtain was lifted and the Cold War came to an end.
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