Answer:
d. avoidance
Step-by-step explanation:
Risk avoidance is a choice to avoid an activity, happening that carries some element of risk. This may lead to doing away with pleasurable sight or some activities, it usually comes with some loss. example is choosing not to take your vacation in an active war zone, regardless of how much natural beauty may be found in that part of the world.
The vacation will be a good time to relax and see a lot of beautiful things but this will not happen because one looses the chance to experience the natural beauty that exists in that area while the risk of being harmed or injured is averted.