Final answer:
The bakery can make 4 whole cakes with 72 half gallons of milk, as 1 cup equals 0.125 half gallon, resulting in 576 cups from 72 half gallons and each cake requiring 123 cups of milk.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many cakes the bakery can make with 72 half gallons of milk, with each cake requiring 123 cups of milk, we must first convert half gallons to cups. According to the problem statement, 1 cup equals 0.125 half gallon. To find out how many cups are in 72 half gallons, we can set up a conversion:
72 half gallons × 8 cups/1 half gallon = 576 cups (since 1/0.125 = 8).
Next, we divide the total number of cups of milk the bakery has by the number of cups needed for one cake:
576 cups / 123 cups per cake = approximately 4.68 cakes.
Since the bakery cannot make a fraction of a cake, it can make 4 whole cakes with the milk available.