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Write ionic equations for the following:

1. HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
2. HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) → KCl(aq) + H2O(l)
3. H2SO4(aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq) →MgSO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

1 Answer

5 votes

Answer:

1. H⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + Na⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → Na⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + H₂O (l)

2. H⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) + K⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → K⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) + H₂O (l)

3. 2H⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) + Mg²⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) → Mg²⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) + 2H₂O (l)

Step-by-step explanation:

The ionic equation is an equation illustrating all the ions occurring in a reaction individually;

This is similar but can differ from the normal equation, because, typically, certain compounds consist of ions that dissociate in aqueous phase;

Net ionic equations can be found by eliminating all ions that remain the same, i.e. do not change state, which are known as spectator ions;

1. H⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + Na⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → Na⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + H₂O (l)

Net: H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H₂O (l)

NO₃⁻ ions are aqueous prior to the reaction and remain aqueous afterwards;

Similarly, the Na⁺ ions also remain aqueous;

The H⁺ and OH⁻, however, are aqueous (free ions in the solution) before the reaction;

After the reaction, these become the compound H₂O, a liquid so they do change state

2. H⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) + K⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → K⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) + H₂O (l)

Net: H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H₂O (l)

3. 2H⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) + Mg²⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) → Mg²⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) + 2H₂O (l)

Net: 2H⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) → 2H₂O (l)

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