Answer:
Option: 1. Northern Europe was controlled by tribes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Early Medieval Europe started from 500 to 1000. From the 4th and 5th centuries, the Germanic tribes in northern Europe became powerful and repeated attacks towards the Western Roman Empire that led to the collapse of the Empire. The Germanic tribes from North, included Goths, Angles, and Saxons.
Some of the Germanic tribes rise, including Visigoths in Spain, Angles and Saxons in Britain, Ostrogoths in Italy Peninsula, and Franks in central Europe.