Final answer:
The Radical Republicans reacted to Johnson's leniency by passing the Reconstruction Act of 1867 and laws limiting his authority. When Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act by removing the Secretary of War, it led to his impeachment, but not his removal from office.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Radical Republicans were strongly opposed to President Andrew Johnson's lenient approach to Reconstruction and his attempt to allow former southern Confederate leaders to regain political offices. They took several legislative actions to counteract Johnson's policies. One significant action was the passing of the Reconstruction Act of 1867, which effectively banned former Confederate leaders from holding office by redesigning the Reconstruction governments and ensuring the protection of the freedmen's rights.
To further restrict Johnson's authority, Congress passed two laws: the Command of the Army Act and the Tenure of Office Act. When Johnson violated the latter by attempting to remove Secretary of War Edwin Stanton without Senate approval, this led to his impeachment. Although Johnson was eventually impeached, he was not convicted and removed from office because the Senate fell one vote short of the required two-thirds majority for removal. Hence, Johnson remained in office until the end of his term.