Final answer:
The heat of vaporization requires more energy than the heat of fusion because it involves a transition from a liquid to a gas state, which demands more energy to overcome greater intermolecular forces and create a much less ordered state.
Step-by-step explanation:
The heat of vaporization requires more heat energy than the heat of fusion. When a substance changes from a solid to a liquid, it undergoes fusion, which involves breaking the organized patterns of particles and allowing them to move more freely. However, they still remain close together, which means the energy required (heat of fusion) is less compared to when a liquid changes to a gas (vaporization). During vaporization, particles must overcome the larger intermolecular forces that keep them together in the liquid state and spread out to become a gas, which requires much more energy due to the large separation of the particles in the gas state. This higher requirement is consistent across substances as vaporization involves a transition to a significantly less ordered state compared to fusion.