Question

The kind of bond present in CUSO4.5H20​

Answer 1

Both ionic bonds and covalent bonds (coordinate and non-coordinate) are present in crystalline
`\rm CuSO_4\cdot 5\, H_2O`.

Step-by-step explanation:

`\rm CuSO_4\cdot 5\, H_2O` can be formed by adding water to the anhydrous salt
`\rm CuSO_4`.

`\rm CuSO_4` itself is an ionic compound consisting of
`\rm Cu^(2+)` ions and
`\rm {SO_4}^(2-)` ions. Ionic bonds are present between these ions. However, within each sulfate
`\rm {SO_4}^(2-)` ion, covalent bonds connect the central sulfur atom to each of the oxygen atoms.

Water molecules
`\rm H_2O` are highly polar. Partial negative charges surround the oxygen atom in each water molecule.

When water is added to anhydrous
`\rm CuSO_4`, the negatively-charged portion of these
`\rm H_2O\!` molecules would be attracted to the positively-charged
`\rm Cu^(2+)` ions in
`\rm CuSO_4\!`.

Lone pairs on oxygen atoms in
`\rm H_2O\!\!` would form coordinate covalent bonds with
`\rm Cu^(2+)\!` ions. (These bonds are considered "coordinate" because both electrons in each of these bonds come from the oxygen atom, not the
`\rm Cu^(2+)` ion.) That would produce coordination complexes with one
`\rm Cu^(2+)\!\!` ion and five
`\rm H_2O\!\!\!` "ligands" each.

Because the
`\rm H_2O` ligands carry no electric charge, each of these complexes would also carry a charge of
`(+2)` (same as the charge on one
`\rm Cu^(2+)\!\!` ion.) Ionic bonds would be present between the positively-charged coordination complexes and the negatively-charged
`\rm {SO_4}^(2-)` ions.

Summary:

• Covalent bonds are present within
  `\rm {SO_4}^(2-)` ions and
  `\rm H_2O` ligands.
• Coordinate covalent bonds are present between
  `\rm H_2O` ligands and
  `\rm Cu^(2+)` ions.
• Ionic bonds are present between
  `\rm {[Cu\, (H_2O)_5]}^(2+)` coordination complexes and sulfate ions
  `\rm {SO_4}^(2-)`.