Final answer:
Dystopian literature typically features oppressive governments, social injustice, and restricted freedoms, as seen in works like Orwell's 1984 and Ellison's Invisible Man. These stories critique imbalances in society and often end in a plot of decline, warning of the dangers of totalitarianism and disparities in life conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics of a Dystopian literature are -
Dystopian literature paints a grim picture of future societies, where oppressive societal control and the illusion of a perfect society are maintained by authoritarian governments. In such literature, themes of totalitarianism, social injustice, and the limitations on individual freedom are prevalent. Examples include George Orwell's 1984, which showcases a society under continuous surveillance and control by a centralized government. Similarly, Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man examines the struggles of an African American man facing societal oppression. These narratives often explore how characters cope with and resist the oppressive systems in place.
Beyond the direct control of a totalitarian political system, dystopian works reflect on the disparities in health and living conditions among different socioeconomic groups. The idea that the ruling authority employs psychological manipulation to maintain control is a strong characteristic in these societies. Moreover, the deterioration of societal norms and the erosion of moral values, as depicted through the plot of decline, are crucial elements in an oppressive dystopian world. Characters in dystopian settings often find themselves deprived of basic human rights, living under constant fear, and unable to manifest their self-reliance.
The traits of dystopian societies in literature serve as cautionary tales, urging readers to acknowledge and challenge inequalities and the violation of human rights in their own reality. Authors use these settings not just to imagine future possibilities, but also to comment on current societal issues, perhaps urging a return to a more egalitarian and democratic societal structure.