Question

All proteins are made up of amino acids and have many, many functions in a cell.

How does the structure of the amino acids allow proteins to have so many
different functions?

Answer 1

The gene, or sequence of DNA, ultimately determines the unique sequence of amino acids in each peptide chain. A change in nucleotide sequence of the gene's coding region may lead to a different amino acid being added to the growing polypeptide chain, causing a change in protein structure and therefore function.