Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Leaching – Plant nutrients are lost beyond the reach of plant roots. Usually caused by excessive rainfall washing nutrients deep down into sub-soil beyond new roots reach.
Soil erosion – Top soil is lost by the agent of erosion e.g. wind, water.
Monocropping – This utilizes only specific nutrients from a particular zone making it exhausted. -It also causes accumulation of certain pests and diseases.
Continuous cropping –This continuously exhaust the fertility of land unless the the land if fallowed.
Change of soil PH -Use of either acidic or basic fertilizers affect soil pH and Consequently the presence of micro-organisms hence soil fertility affected.
Burning of vegetations –Destroys organic matter and soil structure. Nutrients are lost and soil exposed to erosion.
Accumulation of salts – Common in waterlogged areas and semi-arid areas in which poor drainage causes evaporation during the dry periods, making the soil saline.