Translation in right or left causes the x coordinate to change while translation in up or down causes the y coordinate to change.
Moving left or down causes the coordinates to be going negative.
Moving right or up causes the coordinates to be positive.
Original point (4, 6)
Up 4 units:
(4, 6 + 4) = (4, 10)
Down 8 units:
(4, 10 - 8) = (4, 2)
You end up at point (4, 2)