Final answer:
The scientist can label DNA molecules in the culture of cells using radioactive phosphorus (32P), as phosphorus is a component of DNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientist will be able to label DNA molecules in the culture of cells by using the radioactive isotope of phosphorus, 32P. Phosphorus is a component of DNA, so when the radioactive phosphorus is incorporated into the DNA molecules, it will tag and label them. Other macromolecules like proteins will not be labeled with 32P.