Hyperopia, myopia and presbyopia are refractive errors that result when the: a. pressure within the anterior chamber of the eye is elevated. b. eye is unable to focus light effectively. c. tympanic membrane ruptures. d. lens of the eye becomes cloudy.Hyperopia, myopia and presbyopia are refractive errors that result when the: a. pressure within the anterior chamber of the eye is elevated. b. eye is unable to focus light effectively. c. tympanic membrane ruptures. d. lens of the eye becomes cloudy.