Question

D is correct!

Many large cities have considered or passed proposals that ban the use of plastic grocery bags in stores. A concerned
student would like to measure if residents of her hometown would consider a similar ban on plastic bags. Standing in a
busy shopping area, the student approaches adults and asks, "Items made of plastics are a dangerous, growing
source of pollution to our world's oceans and threaten many animal species. Given this, would you support a ban on
plastic shopping bags in our city stores?" Which type of bias is most likely to be present in the survey results?
O This is question wording bias because the survey question attempts to influence subjects' responses.
This is response bias because some adults may not provide truthful answers to the plastic bag question.
O This is nonresponse bias because many adults chosen may decline to answer questions about the environment.
O This is voluntary response bias because many adults may be eager to share their opinions about plastic grocery
bags.

Answer 1

The bias most likely to be present in the survey results is;

Option A; This is question wording bias because the survey question attempts to influence subjects’ responses.

Explanation:

A bias occurs when a group or outcome is intentionally or unintentionally favored over another group or outcome in the a general population.

There are two main types which are;

- Selection bias which includes; Non - response bias, non representative sample and voluntary bias

- Response Bias which includes wording bias, extreme responses, neutral responses e.t.c

Let's look at each of the options;

Option A; This is correct because what occurred is that the concerned student by telling the adults adverse effect of plastics in our environment, he is indirectly influencing the adults to have a bad mindset about the plastics. He is leading them on by the way he phrased the word to ask the question.

Option B; This is not the reason why it is a response bias. The reason it is a response bias is because he led them on with his wording of the question.

Option C; Like said in Option A & B above, the scenario is that of a response bias since they are giving answers.

Option D; Voluntary response bias is a type of non-response bias and so it is not correct here