Answer:
detail is given below
Step-by-step explanation:
We know that an atom consist of electrons, protons and neutrons. Neutrons and protons are present inside the nucleus while electrons are present out side the nucleus. Electron has a negative charge and is written as e⁻. Proton has positive charge P⁺ and neutron is neutral n⁰ .
The number of electron or number of protons are called atomic number while mass number of an atom is sum of protons and neutrons. The number of protons and electrons are always equal to make the atom electrically neutral and when an atom loses its valance electron the number of protons increases and thus positive charge increased and atom form cation.
Cation formation:
X → X⁺ + e⁻
When an atom gain electron negative charge increase because of more number of electron thus atom form negative ion or anion.
Anion formation:
X + e⁻ → X⁻
1) If an atom loses an electron, it becomes... (positive ion)
2) If an atom gains an electron, it becomes... (negative ion)
3) A hydrogen atom loses an electron. It becomes...(positive ion)
4) A sodium ion (Na) can ionically bond with which?
Sodium ion (Na⁺) can ionically bonded with Cl⁻ , thus both form salt which sodium chloride. Sodium ion can not bonded with hydrogen and potassium because both are also form cation.
5) If an atom gains or loses a neutron, the charge of that atom changes.
The given statement is false because neutron is neutral so when it added or removed from an atom there will be no effect on charge.
6. If an atom gains or loses an electron, the atomic mass of that atom changes.
The given statement is also false because atomic mass is sum of number of neutron and protons. So when electron is added or lost by an atom there will be no effect on atomic mass.
7. If an atom gains or loses a neutron, the atomic mass of that atom changes.
The given statement is true. Atomic mass is sum of number of neutron and protons. So when neutron is added or lost by an atom there will be effect on atomic mass. The atomic mass will be increase or decreased.
8. An atom with valence electrons can covalently bond with another atom.
The given statement is true. The valance electrons of an atom are involved in bonding. It could ionic, covalent or any other type.