Answer:
Atria, Ventricles, Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium, Atrioventricular Bundle, Atrioventricular Node, Purkinje Fibers, Sinoatrial Node, Aortic valve, Mitral valve, Pulmonary valve, Tricuspid valve, Aorta, Brachiocephalic artery, Carotid arteries, Common iliac arteries, Coronary arteries, Pulmonary artery, Subclavian arteries, Brachiocephalic veins, Common iliac veins, Pulmonary veins, and the Vena cava.
Step-by-step explanation:
The heart is a vital organ that helps supply blood and oxygen to every part of your body. It's divided by a partition (or septum) into 2 halves. Each half is, in turn, divided into 4 chambers. The heart is situated within the cavity of the chest and surrounded by a sac filled with fluid called the pericardium. This amazing muscle produces electrical impulses that cause the heart to contract, pumping blood throughout your body. The heart and the circulatory system when working together make up the cardiovascular system.
The heart consists up of 4 chambers; The Atria are the upper 2 chambers of the heart, and the ventricles are lower 2 chambers of the heart. The heart wall consists up of 3 layers; The Epicardium is the outer layer of the wall of the heart, The Myocardium is the muscular middle layer of the wall of the heart, and the Endocardium is the inner layer of the heart.
The heart also has nodes and nerve fibers that send electrical signals, causing the heart to contrast. Cardiac conduction is the rate which the heart conducts electrical impulses. The Heart has nodes and nerve fibers which play an important role in causing the heart to contract. The Atrioventricular Bundle is a bundle of fibers that carry cardiac impulses, the Purkinje Fibers are fiber branches that extend from the atrioventricular bundle, the Atrioventricular Node is an area of nodal tissue that delays and relays cardiac impulses, and the Sinoatrial Node is an area of nodal tissue that sets the rate of contraction for the heart.
Then there is the Cardiac cycle which is the sequence of events that occur when the heart beats. There are 2 phases of the cardiac cycle, Diastole and Systole Phase. Diastole phase is when the heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood. Systole phase is when the ventricles contract and pump blood to the arteries.
The heart has 4 valves which control the direction of the flow of the blood through the heart. Heart valves are flap-like structures that allow blood to flow in one direction. The 4 valves are the Aortic valve, the Mitral valve, the Pulmonary valve, and the Tricuspid valve. The Aortic valve prevents the back flow of blood as it is being pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta. The Mitral valve prevents the back flow of blood as it is being pumped from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The Pulmonary valve prevents the back flow of blood as it is being pumped from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. And the Tricuspid valve prevents the back flow of blood as it is being pumped from the right atrium to the right ventricle. This makes it easy for the blood to flow in and out with no issues.
And finally, we get to the blood vessels. Blood vessels are intricately detailed networks of hollow tubes that move your blood throughout the entire body. These are some of the main Arteries and Veins in the heart.
The largest artery in the body is the Aorta, from which most major arteries branch off of, the Brachiocephalic artery carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the head, neck, and arm regions of the body. The Carotid arteries supply oxygenated blood to the head and neck regions of the body. Common iliac arteries carry oxygenated blood from the abdominal aorta to the legs and feet. The Coronary arteries carry oxygenated and nutrient-filled blood to the heart muscle. The Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The Subclavian arteries supply oxygenated blood to the arms. The Brachiocephalic veins are 2 large veins that join to form the superior vena cava. The Common iliac veins join to form the inferior vena cava. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart, And the Vena cava transport de-oxygenated blood from various regions of the body to the heart.