First, determine the terms.
For Maggie, let’s use the variable m.
For her brother, it is (4m-4).
Their ages together is 31.
Let’s combine to make an equation:
(4m-4)+m=31
First, combine like terms on the left
5m-4=31
To begin isolating m, add 4 to both sides
5m-4=31
+4 +4
—————-
5m=35
To completely isolate m, divide both sides by 5.
5m=35
—— —-
5 5
From here, you get
m=7
You can check by putting this into the original equation.
(4(7)-4)+7=31
(28-4)+7=31
24+7=31
31=31
Therefore, Maggie is 7 years old.