The theme of "The Lottery" is the danger of blindly following tradition without questioning its morality. In the story, the villagers hold an annual lottery where one person is randomly chosen to be stoned to death. This tradition has been passed down for generations, and the villagers mindlessly participate without considering its cruelty and inhumanity.
The theme is evident in the reactions of the villagers. Initially, they seem cheerful and excited about the lottery, treating it as a normal part of their lives. However, as the story progresses, the tension builds, and the true horror of the tradition is revealed. The theme is further emphasized when Tessie Hutchinson, a seemingly ordinary member of the community, becomes the chosen victim. Suddenly, the villagers turn on her, showing how easily people can become cruel and inhumane when they are part of a collective action.
Shirley Jackson uses symbolism to reinforce the theme. The black box, which holds the lottery slips, represents the blind adherence to tradition. The villagers are afraid to replace the box, even though it is falling apart, because they fear change. This symbolizes how people can be trapped by tradition and are unwilling to challenge it.
Overall, the theme of "The Lottery" warns against blindly following tradition without questioning its morality. It encourages readers to critically evaluate societal norms and to stand up against injustices, even if they are deeply ingrained in their culture.