Answer:
The tenses used to talk about things that are going on in the present are the Present Simple and Present Continous Tenses.
The Present Simple Tense is used when we talk about things that don't change, such as fixed habits or routines. For example, I go to school every week.
The Present Continuous is used when we talk about actions that are happening at the present moment but will soon finish. For example, I am doing my homework right now (but I'll be done soon).
The main tenses used to talk about things that already happened are the Past Simple and Past Continuous Tenses.
The Past Simple Tense is used to describes actions that happened in a specific moment in the past. For example, I finished my homework.
The Past Continuous is used to describe actions that were in progress in the past. It's often used to emphasize that something was going on when another action took place, for example, When I was walking to school, I saw my best friend.
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two items, while superlative adjectives are used to compare three or more items, or one thing against the rest of a group.
I have also attached some images that may help you learn how to properly build these forms: