♨️ Answer ♨️
- i) Fertilisation or fertilization, also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a new individual organism or offspring and initiate its development
What Is Internal Fertilization?
- Syngamy of gametes occurs inside the female body after insemination through copulation
- Observed in birds, mammals, birds occurring in terrestrial plants and animals, also in some of the aquatic entities. This is observed in three ways – ovoviviparity (eggs retained in the female body, hatched when fully developed, oviparity(egg-laying), viviparity(offsprings develop within the female body)
- Observes in plants such as bryophytes, pteridophytes
What Is External Fertilization?
- Syngamy of gametes outside the female body/outer environment, notably in water bodies
- Observed in few vertebrates, sea urchins, fish, aquatic invertebrates, almost all amphibians
- Deposition of sperms and eggs by males and females in open surroundings is known as spawning
- Broadcast fertilization – used when sperms swim through the water uniting with eggs to fertilize
- ii) In humans, the process of fertilization takes place in the fallopian tube. During this process, semen comprising thousands of sperms are inseminated into the female vagina during coitus. The sperms move towards the uterus and reach the opening of the fallopian tube.
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