Final answer:
Antarctica is located at the farthest point south on Earth. It is marked by the Antarctic Circle at 66.5 degrees south and experiences extreme cold temperatures. No permanent human settlements exist in Antarctica.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antarctica is located at the southernmost point on Earth.
The corresponding line of latitude is the Antarctic Circle at 66.5 degrees south. This latitude marks the farthest location south that receives sunlight during the winter season in the Southern Hemisphere.
No permanent human settlements exist in Antarctica other than research stations from various countries.