Final answer:
Structured observation is defined by having specific tasks and a controlled environment, such as the Strange Situation study by Mary Ainsworth. The options provided are ambiguous, but a zoo employee observing gorilla interactions can be an example if specific behaviors or interactions are being assessed.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of structured observation would involve participants being observed while engaging in set, specific tasks within a controlled environment, where the observer typically has defined parameters or criteria they are assessing. For instance, in Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation study, infants' attachment styles are evaluated through a series of structured interactions involving the presence of the caregiver, a stranger, and the infant in a room with toys. The key phase of this study for determining attachment style is the reaction of the infant when the caregiver leaves and then returns to the room.
Given the options provided, the one that resembles a structured observation most closely would be option B: A zoo employee observes a new gorilla's interaction with the other gorillas in the enclosure. However, the zoo scenario could be either structured or naturalistic observation depending on how the study is set up. If the zoo employee has specific behaviors or interactions they are tasked with observing and rating, it would be structured; if they are just watching the gorillas with no set plan or scoring system, it would be considered naturalistic observation.