Answer:
Soil
Step-by-step explanation:
Ecological succession, which refers to the series of changes that occurs in an ecosystem over time, is of two types viz: primary succession and secondary succession. In primary succession, a new or barren area (usually a rocky surface) is colonized by organisms such as lichens called PIONEER SPECIES.
However, in secondary succession, an ecological disturbance such as natural disasters disrupt the ecosystem causing the area, which was made void, to be recolonized by organisms. Note that, despite the disturbances, a key factor which is SOIL is still present in the environment to sustain the growth of the recolonizing organisms in secondary succession