Answer:
C
Step-by-step explanation:
Elements in the same groups have similar chemical/physical properties. The reason the answer isn't electron configuration is that if this was the case, there would be no reason for transition metals to exist as they can have a varying amount of electrons in their outer shell.
For example, all alkali metals (Group 1) turn into positive ions when reacting and Halogens (Group 7) all turn into negative ions after reacting.