Final answer:
The most important risk for skin cancer is exposure to UV radiation, which is known to cause direct DNA damage leading to cancer. Using sunscreen with a high SPF and wearing protective clothing are essential in prevention. Other risk factors include light-colored skin, numerous moles, and family history of skin cancer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The single most important risk for skin cancer is exposure to UV radiation. This includes both natural sunlight and artificial sources such as tanning beds. UV radiation is a known Group 1 carcinogen that can cause direct DNA damage in skin cells, leading to the development of cancerous tumors. Protective measures, such as using sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing hats and clothing to shield the skin, and limiting sun exposure during peak intensity hours, are crucial in preventing skin cancer.
Other risk factors for skin cancer include having light-colored skin, a large number of moles, family or personal history of skin cancer, precancerous skin lesions, and a weakened immune system. Even with little UV-B reaching the Earth's surface, countries like Australia experience high rates of skin cancer due to their UV-B exposure. Overall, it's estimated that 20% of adults will develop skin cancer over their lifetime, with early detection often leading to successful treatment.