Answer:
The correct answer is "former scientific viewpoint stating that factors within the physical geography of a region shape the local population's culture and behaviors".
Step-by-step explanation:
The idea of environmental determinism rise during the early part of the twentieth century, when concepts such as "culture" and "society" had not been studied the way they do today. Environmental determinism states that the geographical and physical conditions of a region defines human society, including its economics and cultural features. Nowadays, environmental determinism is considered a simplistic way of studying humans, since it implies that social conditions have no impact on human's development.