Answer:
A) u=<9, 7>; v=<8, -2>
B) u+v = <17, 5>
C) 5u-2v = <29, 39>
Explanation:
The component form of a 2-dimensional vector is usually written as an ordered pair with the horizontal component listed first. When vectors are added or subtracted, or multiplied by a scalar, the components are treated individually. Angle brackets may be used to signify the ordered pair represents a vector.
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A.
The horizontal and vertical dimensions of each of the vectors can be found by subtracting their coordinates, or by counting grid squares. Up or right is positive. The tail coordinates are subtracted from the head coordinates.
u = <11 -2, 1 -(-6)>
u = <9, 7>
v = <13 -5, 6 -8>
v = <8, -2>
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B.
The sum is the sum of the individual coordinates:
u +v = <9, 7> +<8, -2> = <9 +8, 7 -2>
u +v = <17, 5>
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C.
The weighted sum is the weighted sum of the individual coordinates:
5u -2v = 5<9, 7> -2<8, -2> = <5(9) -2(8), 5(7) -2(-2)>
5u -2v = <29, 39>
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Additional comment
Vector operations can often be conveniently done on a calculator by considering them as complex numbers. The vertical component corresponds to the imaginary component of a complex number.