Answer:
The independent variable
Step-by-step explanation:
The jelly masses would represent the independent variable of the experiment.
The independent variable is the variable that has a direct effect on the dependent variable and is not in itself affected in any form. In other words, the independent variable is the variable supplied directly by the researcher, whose values are usually manipulated in order to see the effects it will produce on the dependent variable.
In this case, the aim of the experiment is to test the claim that the amount of jelly increases the frequency of bread landing on the jelly side. The amount of jelly applied to the bread is varied and the frequency of the bread landing on the jelly side is determined each time. The amount of jelly therefore is supposed to directly affect the frequency of a bread landing on the jelly side.
The jelly masses is the independent variable.