Final answer:
Plant cells differ from animal cells in three significant ways: they contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, have a stiff cell wall for structural support, and feature large central vacuoles for storage and maintaining cell rigidity.
Step-by-step explanation:
When comparing plant and animal cells, there are several key differences that make them distinct from each other. Firstly, plant cells are unique in that they contain chloroplasts, which are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis, a process that converts light energy into chemical energy. This feature is absent in animal cells.
Secondly, the presence of a stiff cell wall is another distinctive feature of plant cells, providing structural support and shape. This wall, typically made of cellulose, is what allows plants to grow upright and is not found in animal cells, which only have a flexible plasma membrane.
Lastly, plant cells generally feature large central vacuoles, which serve as storage for water, nutrients, and waste products. These vacuoles are significantly larger than the small vacuoles that might be found in animal cells. Large central vacuoles also help maintain cell shape and turgor pressure, contributing to the rigidity of plant cells.