Answer:
Federalist No. 39, written by James Madison, is an explanation the character of the new republican system of government created under the Constitution. Madison explains why the United States government is partly national in character (meaning a government over a consolidation of all the states and the whole of the American people) as well as partly federal (a government over several sovereign states.) After explaining several examples, Madison concludes, “The proposed Constitution,…is, in strictness, neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both.”