Question

In this particular example, the optimal two-part tariff is a per-unit price of $1 and a fixed fee of $29. But notice that with this pricing structure, the Low-type consumer will not purchase any units of the product! Why was it optimal for the firm to set a pricing structure that intentionally shut the low-type consumer out of the market

Answer 1

The seller sets such high prices to increase his revenue. If he sets lower price, the revenue will also be less whereas high pricing will result in more revenue. Sellers sometimes set price as high as 800% above the cost. Though it discourages low type consumer but ensure high return by exploiting high paying capacity consumers. e.g. Apple (iPhone). Next it protects the seller from floating prices. Also by setting high price, sellers target high paying capacity consumers and increase their revenue manifold.