The reading of short stories stimulates the brain because it makes the individual solve problems, create ideas, establish arguments, organize affirmations and establish other elements that lead to a full interpretation of the text. These elements are the foundation for the construction of critical thinking, which is exactly the formation of ideas and arguments about a given situation. With that, we can affirm that reading should be introduced from an early age to children making them reach adulthood with the brain highly stimulated and efficient in reasoning and critical thinking.