Hey there! I'm happy to help!
Dr. Benjamin Carson was a neurosurgeon that is currently the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. The scientific method has been around a long time, so it does not make sense that it would be him.
Charles Darwin is famous for his evolution theory, not the scientific method.
Carl Linnaeus was the dude that came up with the idea of naming organisms, so this option is not correct.
Mary Anning was a famous female paleontologist that found lots of fossils and England, so this is not correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is Aristotle. He is a famous ancient Greek figure that came up with coming up with knowledge based on observations. This was the basis of the scientific method we have today.
Have a wonderful day! :D