The correct answer is 4) The climate and reliable water supply resulted in food surpluses that were used for growth and trade with other villages.
Step-by-step explanation:
First villages were the result of humans becoming sedentary and learning how to produce food through agriculture and herding. Moreover, the first villages were created near rivers or lakes because this meant constant availability of water. These factors caused over time the process of surviving was easier, which means more people could survive. At the same time, communities produced more than they could consume (surplus), which caused first communities could trade or change products with others. These were perfect conditions for communities to slowly grow into cities and later empires. According to this, the correct answer is 4.