The correct answer is B) the scarcity of wood and abundance of stone and clay as building materials.
The image depicts a Pueblo dwelling found in the American Southwest. Pueblo construction was most likely the result of the scarcity of wood and abundance of stone and clay as building materials.
Indeed, what Pueblo people in New Mexico used to build their homes was Adobe. Native American Indian tribes of that region combined materials such as straw, clay, and water to built their homes with a solid material that could pass the test of climate conditions. If you visit Pueblo, New Mexico these days, you could see how many old houses built this way has passed the test of time.